Understanding Cyberstalking: The Role of Mental Health Professionals
In today’s digital age, cyberstalking has emerged as a significant concern, involving the use of various technologies—including social media platforms, messaging apps, and spyware—to track, intimidate, or harass individuals or communities (Marcum & Higgins, 2021). The manifestations of cyberstalking can range widely: from harassment after a breakup to systemic bullying based on race or sexual orientation, and from blackmail involving sensitive personal information to recreational hacking. Importantly, those affected may or may not know their stalker (Walsh et al., 2024). As technology continues to evolve, mental health professionals (MHPs) must be equipped to recognize the signs of cyberstalking and respond effectively to support their clients.
Recognizing Cyberstalking
MHPs play a crucial role in identifying instances of cyberstalking, as many clients either fail to recognize the risk or feel hesitant to discuss their experiences. Clients may be unaware when they are victims of phishing or may never report harassment due to fear of repercussions. Perpetrators often employ manipulation tactics, threatening victims with retaliation if they disclose any information.
To facilitate openness, MHPs should incorporate questions about online harassment during the initial assessment process. Displaying informative materials about cyberstalking in their practice—whether through physical flyers or online content—can help normalize discussions around this issue. An example of a supportive approach might be: “I would like to know if you’ve experienced any form of online harassment or bullying. It’s a sensitive topic for many, so I want you to know that I’m here to help and offer resources if you need them.”
Providing Emotional and Legal Support
Offering empathetic listening and support is often one of the most valuable services MHPs can provide to victims of cyberstalking. Clients may share intense feelings of fear, anger, or hopelessness, and it is vital for MHPs to gauge their emotional status, including potential suicidal ideations, particularly with vulnerable groups such as adolescents.
MHPs should also guide clients through possible solutions, whether they involve technological safeguards against breaches or seeking institutional support from schools or workplaces. Given that laws on cyberstalking can differ significantly across jurisdictions (Cyberstalking Research Center, n.d.), advising clients on legal options such as obtaining restraining orders or pursuing criminal charges is imperative. Resources from organizations dedicated to addressing cyberstalking can be indispensable, and clients should be informed that action may take different forms based on their circumstances. Sometimes, individuals may need time to contemplate their response, and the support of an MHP can facilitate this process (StopBullying.Gov, n.d.).
Conclusion
MHPs have a pivotal role in helping clients navigate the complexities of cyberstalking by providing a safe environment, emotional support, and necessary education about legal options. The presence of a compassionate professional can significantly enhance a victim’s sense of security and well-being.
